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Conditions for production, fusion and reversion of protoplasts of Aspergillus niger were investigated, and an attempt was made to enhance fusion frequency. Auxotrophic mutants and morphological mutants were induced by U.V. irradiation (9.9 erg/㎟, 13min) on Aspergillus niger. Maximum yield of protoplasts was obtained from 21 hr cultured mycelia by using 1% driselase in 0.6 M KCl or 0.6 M NH₄Cl as osmotic stabilizer. The optimal temperature for mycelium digestion was 30℃, and the optimal pH was 6.0. Protoplasts produced at different digestion period showed heterogeneity in size and vacuole content. Maximal frequency of protoplasts reversion was obtained on 0.6 M KCl stabilized agar medium at pH 5.0. Reversion frequencies of protoplasts produced for 3 hr and 1 hr mycelial digestion were 8.0% and 15.3%, respectively. The optimal concentration of PEG(m.w. 6000) for protoplast fusion was 30%, and that of CaCl₂ was 1∼50 mM. The optimal pH and period for the reaction of PEG solution were 8.0 and 10 minutes. respectively. Fusion frequencies between auxotrophic protoplasts produced for 3 hr-mycelial digestion were 0.06∼0.42%, and those for 1 hr-mycelial digestion were 0.09∼0.54%.
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